Interactions of α-, β-, and θ-Defensins with Influenza A Virus and Surfactant Protein D

Interactions of -, -, and -Defensins with Influenza A Virus and Surfactant Protein D

Innate defense against influenza A virus: activity of human neutrophil defensins and interactions of defensins with surfactant protein D.

Surfactant protein D (SP-D) plays important roles in innate host defense against influenza A virus (IAV) infection, in part by modifying interactions with neutrophils. Human neutrophil defensins (HNPs) inhibit infectivity of enveloped viruses, including IAV. Our goal in this study was to characterize antiviral interactions between SP-D and HNPs. Recombinant and/or natural forms of SP-D and rela...

a comparison of teachers and supervisors, with respect to teacher efficacy and reflection

supervisors play an undeniable role in training teachers, before starting their professional experience by preparing them, at the initial years of their teaching by checking their work within the proper framework, and later on during their teaching by assessing their progress. but surprisingly, exploring their attributes, professional demands, and qualifications has remained a neglected theme i...

Alzheimer's Associated β-Amyloid Protein Inhibits Influenza A Virus and Modulates Viral Interactions with Phagocytes

Accumulation of β-Amyloid (βA) is a key pathogenetic factor in Alzheimer's disease; however, the normal function of βA is unknown. Recent studies have shown that βA can inhibit growth of bacteria and fungi. In this paper we show that βA also inhibits replication of seasonal and pandemic strains of H3N2 and H1N1 influenza A virus (IAV) in vitro. The 42 amino acid fragment of βA (βA42) had greate...

θ-Defensins: Cyclic Antimicrobial Peptides Produced by Binary Ligation of Truncated α-Defensins

The first cyclic peptide discovered in animals is an antimicrobial octadecapeptide that is expressed in leukocytes of rhesus monkeys. The peptide, termed rhesus θ-defensin 1 (RTD-1) is the prototype of a new family of antimicrobial peptides, which like the previously characterized αand β-defensin families, possesses broad spectrum microbicidal activities against bacteria, fungi, and protects mo...